Bibb County, Alabama

Bibb County History, Geography, Demographics, Cities and Towns, and Education

County Seat: Centreville
Year Organized: 1818
Square Miles: 622

Court House:

157 SW Davidson Drive
County Commission Office
Centreville, AL 35042-2277

Named: State Legislature renamed it in honor of the late Governor William Wyatt Bibb.

State & County QuickFacts: Census Bureau Quick Facts

History

Bibb County, Alabama

Bibb County was created by the Alabama Territorial Legislature on February 7, 1818. It was one of the first thirteen counties to be added to the seven already existing when Alabama was still a part of the Mississippi Territory. Originally, it was called Cahaba (spelled Cahawba for many years) to preserve the name given it by the Choctaw Indians, Oka Aba. On December 4, 1820, the State Legislature renamed it in honor of the late Governor William Wyatt Bibb. As it was then constituted, it contained much of what is now the southern part of Shelby County and the western part of Chilton County. Its present area is 625 square miles.

Many things have come and gone in the history of Bibb County. The Creeks and Choctaws came, and for long, years the separating line between their nations traversed the region. Their claims were ceded to the United States around 1814 to 1816, respectively, and a few years later they departed forever. White men came, early in the Nineteenth century, and started the farming processes which were destined to many supplements but never to departure. A group of Andrew Jackson's armed forces led by Major Mahan, came after the Battle of New Orleans, and settled the town of Brierfield, living first in tents and then in log homes on the site of a one-time Indian village. Among this military was John Clabaugh, great grandfather of President Sam Clabaugh of the Protective Life Insurance Company. He established a Camp on Branch Creek near the present town of Centerville. A little later there came from South Carolina another man who was also a great grandfather of President Clabaugh. This was Jonathan Ware, who had constructed Cowpens, S. C., on the site of the famous Revolutionary battlefield there, a forge to assemble one of the first irons in that state. In Bibb County he constructed a Catalan forge, and launched the region on its first primitive iron manufacture. Jonathan Ware and his son Horace were later termed by Senator Morgan "chief of the early iron masters of Alabama." Associated with them was Samuel Clabaugh, the son of John Clabaugh.

Around the 1830's until the War Between the States, the three counties of Bibb, Shelby and Talladega were the most active in the state in the making of iron blooms. An iron furnace was constructed at Brierfield by Major Mahan and his son, Edward, won first prize with its charcoal iron blooms at a British exhibition in 1851.

Around 1860 the Brierfield mines, furnace and rolling mill were taken over by the Confederate government (under a forced sale,) and they were important sources of land and naval guns until Federal troops under General Wilson ruined them around 1865. The land was sold at public sale after the war to Francis Strother Lyon, who rebuilt it with the aid of Gen. Josiah Gorgas, Confederate chief of ordnance. In full blast again by 1868, the plant survived a change of hands in the panic of 1873 and was important for a while in the manufacture of nails but became finally a victim of superior processes and ore discoveries and was dismantled forever in the '80's. With its passing Brierfield which had become the important industrial center of the whole of central Alabama, dropped out of the economic picture. The charred shells of old factories and iron Foundries stand there today in romantic reminder of great days gone by.

According to the census of 2000, there were 20,826 people, 7,421 households, and 5,580 families living in the county. The population density was 13/km² (33/mi²). There were 8,345 housing units at an average density of 5/km² (13/mi²). The racial makeup of the county was 76.66% White, 22.20% Black or African American, 0.24% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.29% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. 1.01% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Neighboring Counties:

Northeast: Jefferson County; Shelby County
Southeast: Chilton County
Southwest: Perry County; Hale County
Northwest: Tuscaloosa County

Cities:

Brent
Brierfield
Centreville (County Seat)
Eoline
Green Pond
Lawley
Randolph
West Blocton
Woodstock

County Resources:

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Bibb County, Alabama

County Resource Guide

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